ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of CD(8)(+)CD(28)(-) T regulatory cells (Tr) in the immunological pathogenesis of acute infection with Epstein-Barr virus in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The present study enrolled 25 children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and 25 age-matched healthy children. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to detect the percentage of CD(3)(+), CD(3)(+)CD(4)(+), CD(3)(+)CD(8)(+), CD(8)(+)CD(28)(+) by determining the ratio of positive cells in lymphocytes. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR were used to analyze IL-6, IL-10, IFN-gamma expression in CD(8)(+)CD(28)(-) Tr cells and ILT-3, ILT-4 expression in monocytes/macrophages.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proportions of CD(8)(+)CD(28)(-)T cells in children with acute-phase IM was significantly higher than those in the controls (P < 0.01). The expression level of IL-6, IL-10, IFN-gamma, ILT-3, ILT-4 mRNA significantly increased compared to those of the controls (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The CD(28) expressed on CD(8)(+) T cells in vivo is gradually lost with age and CD(8)(+)CD(28)(-) cells increase up 50% to adult. EBV can directly infect B cells, trigger CD(8)(+) CTL response and destroy the target cells to cause serious immunopathological lesion. Therefore we speculate that the expansion of CD(8)(+)CD(28)(-) Tr cells in children with IM may be an adaptive immune response to avoid serious inflammation and autoimmune reactions.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , CD28 Antigens , Allergy and Immunology , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes , Allergy and Immunology , Case-Control Studies , Cytokines , Allergy and Immunology , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections , Allergy and Immunology , Flow Cytometry , Herpesvirus 4, Human , Infectious Mononucleosis , Allergy and Immunology , Virology , Membrane Glycoproteins , Metabolism , Receptors, Cell Surface , Metabolism , Receptors, Immunologic , Metabolism , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in renal tissues of children with primary nephrotic syndrome(NS),and elucidate the relationship between PCNA expression and cell proliferation in renal tissues from the children with primary NS.Methods Paraffin-embedded renal biopsy tissue sections from 39 patients with primary NS were examined by immunohistochemical staining with anti-PCNA monoclonal antibody,normal renal tissue sections from 6 nephrectomized patients with nephroma were selected as control. Possible correlation between the percentage of PCNA positive cells and the pathologic type , histopathological score, clinical indices (serum albumin ,serum cholesterol ,serum creatinine and 24 hours urine protein ) before renal biopsy of NS were evaluated separately .Results The percentage of PCNA positive cells in glomeruli and tubulom terstitium of NS patients was significantly higher than that of the control (P